Social and Legal Studios
ISSN 2617-4162
e-ISSN 2617-4170
Publisher: Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine with the use of brutal and aggressive actions, which entail consequences in the form of a large psychological impact on the health of the population, especially the military. The purpose of the article is to determine the most favourable programs for adapting the military to civilian life, which can be distinguished using a comparative analysis of the experience of different countries. During the research, a number of such methods were used, such as the theoretical method, the method of comparative analysis, the functional method, the method of logical analysis, the method of deduction, and others. It was determined that it is important to apply the experience of Great Britain and the United States during the development of adaptation programs, since a feature of the policy of these countries is the use of the labour potential of servicemen released into the reserve, which is characterized by high efficiency. The main directions during the implementation of adaptation programs in the analysed countries are cultural and socially significant events, providing veterans with preferential medical care, assistance in training according to their own unique programs, in employment, as well as providing assistance to the families of military personnel. An analysis of Ukraine's experience was carried out, in accordance with which the contents of such programs of military adaptation to civilian life as “NATO-Ukraine” and “Ukraine-Norway”. It was determined that they are characterized by high efficiency, which is due to significant results and the implementation of programs in difficult conditions, which pose complex tasks.
Keywords: combatants; medical and psychological rehabilitation; post-traumatic stress disorder; mental health; prevention system; international experience
Suggested citation
[1] Abramov, E.V. (2016). Adaptation of servicemen released into reserve as a tool to ensure their competitiveness on the market. Economics and Management Organization, 22, 259-265.
[2] Avtushenko, I.B. (2014). International programs of socio-professional adaptation of discharged servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and their family members. Ethnic History of the Peoples of Europe, 42, 201-206.
[3] Buhun, A. (2015). Experience of civil education of servicemen in the armies of advanced countries of the world. Origins of Pedagogical Skills, 16, 3-12.
[4] Bukovska, O.O. (2015). Psychological assistance to families of servicemen returning from the combat zone. Bulletin of the Chernivtsi National Pedagogical University named after T.G. Shevchenko, 128, 29-32.
[5] Buryak, O.O. (2014). Social adaptation of the army of Ukraine to new conditions of existence. Collection of Scientific Works of Kharkiv Air Force University, 4(41), 160-166.
[6] Buryak, O.O. (2015). Military syndrome “ATO”: Relevance and solutions at the state level. Collection of Scientific Works of Kharkiv Air Force University, 2(43), 176-181.
[7] Datsyuk, I. P. (2007). Comparative analysis of the mechanisms of social and legal protection of military personnel in the developed countries of the world. State Construction, 2. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/DeBu_2007_2_48.
[8] EUROMIL – European Organization of Military Associations. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.euromil.org/news.
[9] Gorbenko, S.V. (2013). Adaptation of servicemen to civilian life is one of the main directions of personnel policy development in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Collection of Scientific Works of Kharkiv Air Force University, 4, 15-21.
[10] Gorbenko, S.V. (2014). Experience of adaptation of servicemen to civilian life in the USA. Collection of Scientific Works of Kharkiv Air Force University, 2, 42-44.
[11] Hofer, H.-G., Prüll, C.-R., & Eckart, W.U. (2011). War, trauma, and medicine in Germany and Central Europe (1914-1939). Freiburg: Centaurus.
[12] Horowitz, M.J., & Solomon, G.F. (1975). A prediction of delayed stress response syndromes in Vietnam veterans. Soldiers in and after Vietnam, 31(4), 67-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1975.tb01012.x.
[13] Husak, O.H. (2008). World experience in the development of state policy regarding the formation of interprofessional mobility of military personnel. State Construction, 1. Retrieved from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/DeBu_2008_1_75.
[14] International Fund for Social Adaptation. (2022). Retrieved from https://ifsa.kiev.ua.
[15] Kokun, O.M. (2014). Peculiarities of negative mental states of military personnel. Bulletin of the National Defense University of Ukraine, 5(42), 262-267.
[16] Kovalova, I.B., & Mozgoviy, V.I. (2016). Experience of psychocorrective and rehabilitation work with participants of the anti-terrorist operation on the basis of the Minsk sanatorium “Ostrech”. Bulletin of KhNPU named after H.S. Skovoroda, 54, 83-92.
[17] Kucherenko, S.M., & Khomenko, N.M. (2017). Organizational features of socio-psychological adaptation of servicemen who participated in hostilities to the conditions of peaceful life. Problems of Extreme and Crisis Psychology, 21, 66-74.
[18] Law of Ukraine No. 5067-VI “On Employment of the Population”. (2012, July). Retrieved from http://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5067-17.
[19] Medvid, M.M. (2010). Methodological principles of formation of the labor market of military personnel: Socio-economic essence, criteria and principles of separation. Bulletin of Kharkiv National University named after V.N. Karazin, 884, 31-38.
[20] Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. (2022). Retrieved from https://www.mil.gov.ua/en.
[21] Semigina, T., Pavlenko, I., & Ovsyannikova, Y. (2017). Protection of mental health in conditions of war. Kyiv: Nash Format. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/38226841.
[22] Shapovalova, T.V. (2014). Social capital as the foundation for social policy in Ukraine. Social Work in Ukraine: Theory and Practice, 3-4, 42-46.
[23] Shcherbinin, O. (2009). Social policy or social populism? Army of Ukraine, 11(113), 14-16.
[24] Shevchuk, O., & Mentukh, N. (2017). Legal aspects of the professional orientation of ATO participants. Actual Problems of Jurisprudence, 3(11), 96-99.
[25] Shkuropatskyi, V. I. (2016). World experience of administrative and legal regulation of social protection of officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Bulletin of Kharkiv National University named after V.N. Karazin, 22, 117-120.
[26] Vorona, P.V. (2018). Ways of social rehabilitation of participants in the Ukrainian-Russian war in Eastern Ukraine: Foreign experience. Bulletin of the NUTSZ of Ukraine, 3, 109-120.
[27] Yena, A.I. (2014). Relevance and organizational principles of medical and psychological rehabilitation of participants in an anti-terrorist operation. Medical Assistance in the Conditions of Military Operations, 1, 5-14.
[28] Zhidchenko, K.P. (2016). Comparative analysis of mechanisms of legal regulation of payments related to the risk to the life of military personnel in the developed countries of the world. Young Scientist, 6, 238-242.
[29] Zhilenko, R. (2017). US experience in implementing the buddy system in working with veterans suffering from PTSD. Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod National University, 2(41), 102-104.
[30] Zlyvkov, L.V. (2017). Psychological assistance to combatants: Historical context and modernity. Bulletin of the Institute of Psychology named after H.S. Kostyuk of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, 45-50.